1-The Practical Writer With Readings  2- The English You Need to Know

     همانطور که گفته شد، برای نوشتن مطلب یا موضوع مورد نظر خود، بایستی مطلب خود را در ۵ پاراگراف بنویسیم. این پنج پاراگراف را به این شکل تفکیک و تعریف می کنیم:

    پاراگراف اول یا مقدمه، که شامل Motivator (همانطور که از اسمش پیداست، هدفش صرفاً ایجاد انگیزش در مخاطب برای مطالعه مطلب است)، Thesis Statement (جمله اصلی که حاوی نظر، عقیده و منظور کل مطلب نویسنده میشود) و ‌Blueprint (خلاصه ای از نکات اصلی است که می خواهیم در مقاله خود به آن بپردازیم. با توجه به اینکه مقاله یا انشای 5 پاراگرافی، 3 پاراگراف اصلی دارد باید سه Blueprint برای 3 پاراگراف داشته باشیم).

    پاراگرافهای دوم، سوم و چهارم یا پاراگرافهای اصلی که شامل یک جمله اصلی یا همان Blueprint و یک تا 3 جمله در رابطه با جمله اول پاراگراف ما میباشد که به Support معروف است.

    پاراگراف پنجم یا نتیجه گیری، که شامل Reworded Topic Sentence (تکرار جمله اصلی یا فرضیه نویسنده)، clincher (قطع کننده یا خاتمه دهنده به مطلب، جمله ای که برای خواننده شکی باقی نمیگذارد که مطلب به پایان رسیده است.

   مطلب زیر در مورد "شوخ طبعی کودکان"بر اساس الگوی مقاله ۵ پاراگرافی تهیه شده است  کاربرد موضوعاتی که در مورد آن توضیح داده شده را میتوانید در اینجا ببینید:

Motivator: Do you realize that newly born children are not even aware that parts of their bodies belong to them? I learned this fascinating fact in my psychology course from a book that says a baby "lies on his back,kiking his heels and watching the little fists flying past his face. But only very slowly does he come to know that they are attached to him and he can control them. Children have a lot of learning to do before they can see the world - and themselves - through grown-p eyes. Thesis Statement: As children pass through this remarkable process of growing up, they often do some humorous things, Blueprint: especially in learning to speak, in discovering that all objects do not have human characteristics, and in trying to imitate others around them.

Topic Sentence: Not surprisingly, one area in which children are often humorous is in  learning to speak. Specific Support: I remember one time I was talking to a friend on the phone while my little sister, Betsy, seemed to be playing inattentively in the floor nearby. After I hung up, Betsy asked me, "Why is the teacher going to give Janet an old tomato?" At first I couldn't figure out what she was talking about. When I asked her what she meant, she said, "You said if Janet doesn't hand in her homework, the teacher is going to give her an old tomato." Finally I caught on. The word I had used was ultimatum !

Topic Sentence: Children can also be funny in the way they "humanize" the objects aroud them. Specific Support:  According to my psychology book, "Up to four or five years old, the child believes anything may be endowed with purpose and conscious activity. A ball may refuse to be thrown straight, or a 'naughty' chair may be responsible for bumping him." I can remember a time , when Betsy stood at the top of the stairs and yelled to her shoes at the bottom, "Shoes! Get up here!"

Topic Sentence: Another way in which children are sometimes funny is in their attempts to imitate what they see around them. All children look pretty silly when they dress up like their mothers and fathers and play "house". Specific Support:  My psychology book tells of more interesting example, though. The famous psychologist Jean Piaget wrote of the time his 16 month-old daughter quietly watched a visiting little boy throw a tantrum in trying to get out of his playpen. Piaget's daughter thought it would be fun to try the same thing: "The next day, she herself screamed in her play-pen and tried to move it, stamping her foot lightly several times in succession. The imitation of the whole scene was most striking".

Reworded Thesis Little children are funny creatures to watch, aren't they? But as we laugh, Clincher: We have to admire, too, because the humorous mistakes are but temporary side trips that children take on the amazingly complicated journey to maturity – a long way from the beginning, where they lay in wonder, silently watching the strange, fingered spacecraft passing, back and forth, before their infant eyes.

    تفکیک جملات اصلی در چارچوب الگوی مورد بحث نیز به شکل زیر نشان داده شده است:

Introduction

Motivator  Children have many things to learn and adjust to as they grow up – including the awareness of the parts of their bodies.

Thesis Children often do humorous things.

Blueprint They're often do humorous in learning to speak, in discovering that all objects do not have human characteristics, and in attempting to imitate others.

First Central Paragraph

Topic Sentence Children are often humorous in learning to speak.

Specefic Support  Betsy mistook ultimatum for old tomato.

Second Central Paragraph

Topic Sentence Children "humanize" the objects around them.

Specefic Support  Book says children blame balls and chairs as though the things were conscious.

Specefic Support  I thought the sun was out to get me.

Specefic Support  Betsy ordered her shoed to climb the stairs.

Third Central Paraghraph

Topic Sentence Children attempt to imitate what they see.

Specefic Support  They dress like their parents.

Specefic Support  Piaget's daughter imitated a tantrum a visiting child threw.

Conclusion

Reworded Thesis Children are funny creatures to watch.

Clincher Reminder of the motivator that children have a lot of learning and adjusting to do.

 منبع:http://press.blogfa.com/

a.. There was a one hour interview on CNBC with Warren Buffet, the second richest man who has donated $31 billion to charity. Here are some very interesting aspects of his life:
b.. He bought his first share at age 11 and he now regrets that he started too late!
c.. He bought a small farm at age 14 with savings from delivering newspapers.
d.. He still lives in the same small 3 bedroom house in mid-town Omaha, that he bought after he got married 50 years ago. He says that he has everything he needs in that house. His house does not have a wall or a fence.
e.. He drives his own car everywhere and does not have a driver or security people around him.
f.. He never travels by private jet, although he owns the world's largest private jet company.
g.. His company, Berkshire Hathaway, owns 63 companies. He writes only one letter each year to the CEOs of these companies, giving them goals for the year. He never holds meetings or calls them on a regular basis.
h.. He has given his CEO's only two rules.
1.. Rule number 1: do not lose any of your shareholder' s money.
2.. Rule number 2: Do not forget rule number 1.
i.. He does not socialize with the high society crowd. His past time after he gets home is to make himself some pop corn and watch television.
j.. Bill Gates, the world's richest man met him for the first time only 5 years ago. Bill Gates did not think he had anything in common with Warren Buffet. So he had scheduled his meeting only for half hour. But when Gates met him, the meeting lasted for ten hours and Bill Gates became a devotee of Warren Buffet.
k.. Warren Buffet does not carry a cell phone, nor has a computer on his desk.
l.. His advice to young people: Stay away from credit cards and invest in yourself.
Amazing individual indeed.

Source: English4Persians (click to join us)

Eberhard Arnold and Emmy von Hollander

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Everyone’s looking for true love, but few people seem willing to work at making it last. With separation and divorce so commonplace that most people see them as inevitable, it seems the very idea of marital commitment is fast becoming a foreign one. What’s gone wrong?

On Good Friday 1907, in the German university town of Halle, a young couple sealed their secret engagement with a kiss – and a vow to follow God wherever he led them. They were passionately in love, yet they rejected romance as the basis of their relationship, building instead on the promise of Jesus’ words, “Seek first the kingdom of God.” Circumstance (and scandalised parents) kept them separated for most of the next three years. But that separation bore its own fruit: an intense exchange of letter

بى خبرى , خوش خبرى

No news is Best news

شتر ديدى , نديدى

You see nothing, You hear nothing

عجله كار شيطان است

Haste is from the Devil

کاچى به از هيچى

Somthing is better than nothing

گذشتها گذشته

Let bygones be bygones

مستى و راستى

There is truth in wine

نوکه اومدبه بازار كهنه شد دل آزار

Out with the old,in with the new

هر فرازى را نشيبى است

High places have their precipices

The best things in life are free.

We don't have to pay for the things that are really valuable, like love, friendship and good health.

A stitch in time saves nine.

Repair something as soon as it is damaged. That's a small repair job. If not, you will have a much bigger and more expensive repair job later. Do it now and you'll need one stitch? Do it later and you'll need 9 stitches! (Why nine and not eight or ten? Because "nine" rhymes, approximately with "time")

ـ stitch (noun) = a link made with thread in sewing

ـ in time = not late

Still waters run deep.

Some rivers have rough surfaces with waves. That's usually because the water is shallow and there are rocks near the surface. But deep rivers have no rocks near the surface and the water is smooth and still. "Still waters run deep" means that people, who are calm and tranquil on the outside, often have a strong, "deep" personality.

·         Our eyes are always the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing.

·         The Statue of Liberty's tablet is two feet thick.

·         There are two credit cards for every person in the United States.

·         The slogan on New Hampshire license plates is 'Live Free or Die'. These license plates are manufactured by prisoners in the state prison in Concord.

·         Barbie's measurements if she were life size: 39-23-33.

·         The dollar symbol ($) is a U combined with an S (U.S.)

·         The straw was probably invented by Egyptian brewers to taste in-process beer without removing the fermenting ingredients which floated on the top of the container.

·         David Prowse, was the guy in the Darth Vader suit in Star Wars. He spoke all of Vader's lines, and didn't know that he was going to be dubbed over by James Earl Jones until he saw the screening of the movie.

·         The United States government keeps its supply of silver at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, NY

·         There are only thirteen blimps in the world.

·         Nine of the thirteen blimps are in the United States.

·         The existing biggest blimp is the Fuji Film blimp.

·         Naugahyde, plastic "leather" was created in Naugatuck, Connecticut.

·         The Swiss flag is square.

·         The word 'pound' is abbreviated 'lb.' after the constellation 'libra' because it means 'pound' in Latin, and also 'scales'. The abbreviation for the British Pound Sterling comes from the same source: it is an 'L' for Libra/Lb. with a stroke through it to indicate abbreviation.

·         Sames goes for the Italian lira which uses the same abbreviation ('lira' coming from 'libra'). So British currency (before it went metric) was always quoted as "pounds/shillings/pence", abbreviated "L/s/d" (libra/solidus/denarius).

·         The three largest land-owners in England are the Queen, the Church of England and Trinity College, Cambridge.

·         The monastic hours are matins, lauds, prime, tierce, sext, nones, vespers and compline.

·         If you come from Manchester, you are a Mancunian.

·         No animal, once frozen solid (i.e., water solidifies and turns to ice) survives when thawed, because the ice crystals formed inside cells would break open the cell membranes. However there are certain frogs that can survive the experience of being frozen. These frogs make special proteins which prevent the formation of ice (or at least keep the crystals from becoming very large), so that they actually never freeze even though their body temperature is below zero Celsius. The water in them remains liquid: a phenomenon known as 'supercooling.' If you disturb one of these frogs (just touching them even), the water in them quickly freezes solid and they die.

·         The white part of your fingernail is called the lunula.

·         Madrid is the only European capital city not situated on a river.

·         The name for fungal remains found in coal is sclerotinite.

Short jokes: 

Patient: Doctor, I have a pain in my eye whenever I drink tea.
Doctor: Take the spoon out of the mug before you drink.
Submitted by: Irene Pellegrini

Patient: Doctor! You've got to help me! Nobody ever listens to me. No one ever pays any attention to what I have to say. Doctor: Next please!
Submitted by Marco Morales, Mexico

Mother: "Did you enjoy your first day at school?"
Girl: "First day? Do you mean I have to go back tomorrow?
Submitted by Miguel de Paco Moltó

A: Hey, man! Please call me a taxi.
B: Yes, sir. You are a taxi.
Submitted by Cláudia Almeida

A: Why are you crying?
B: The elephant is dead.
A: Was he your pet?
B: No, but I'm the one who must dig his grave.
Submitted by Joe, from Indiana

تافل يک آزمون جـامع زبان انگليسي است که بـراي ورود به بيش از 4400 کالج و دانشگاه در ايالات متحده و کانادا، و ديـگر بخشهـاي جهان، مورد نيـاز مي‌باشد. همچنيـن خارجياني که داراي مشاغل حرفه‌اي مي‌باشند، بـراي ادامه فعاليتهاي حرفه‌ايشان در آمريکا و کانادا مرتباً به يک رتبه تافل نياز دارند.

تافل کتبي و کامپيوتري

از سال 1968 تا 1998، آزمون تافل فقط به صورت کتبي برگزار مي‌شد. شرکت کنندگان پاسخ‌هايشان را روي يک برگه با مداد علامت مي‌زدند. در سال 1998 ETC كه آزمون تافل را تهيه مي‌کند و Sylvan Learning Systems که برگزاري نسخه کامپيوتري تافل را بر عهده دارد، براي اولين بار اين آزمون را به صورت کامپيوتري عرضه کردند. امروزه تقريباً هر کسي که قصد شرکت در آزمون تافل را دارد، از نسخه کامپيوتري اين آزمون استفاده مي‌کند. البته هنوز هم نسخه کتبي اين آزمون در بعضي از کشورها، مخصوصاً در کشورهاي آسيايي برگزار مي‌شود. به کساني که قصد شرکت در اين آزمون را دارند توصيه مي‌شود که با هر دو نسخه آشنايي داشته باشند.

Prof .of Economics

Kiss is that thing for which the demand is  a ways higher than the supply.


Prof. of Accountancy

Kiss is a credit because it is profitable when returned.



Prof. of Algebra

Kiss is infinity because two divided by nothing.



Prof. of Geometry

Kiss is the shortest distance between two lips

Prof. of Physics

Kiss is the contraction of mouth due to the expansion of the heart


Prof. of Chemistry

Kiss is the reaction of the interaction between two hearts